An Application of RapAgRisk (Rapid Agricultural Supply Chain Risk Assessment) Method on Fresh Vegetables for Identifying and Reducing Damage during Delivery to Consumers

Vegetables have distinctive properties that are easily damaged, so handling and delivery time will be the important factors in the whole supply chain. Identification and mitigation of the damage is very important to prevent damage to vegetables and maintain resale value. This study uses the Rapid Agricultural Supply Chain Risk Assessment (RapAgRisk) based on the risk management standard ISO 31000:2009 to conduct a risk analysis. The field research uses sample of the actors in the supply chain from the farm producer to the point of sale. The research was done by taking convenience sampling through in-depth interviews with the actors of the supply chain. The research location in fresh vegetable production centers in Magelang (Central Java Province), and Sleman (Yogyakarta Province). Research result showed risk factor of the weather, natural condition, biological and environmental, related markets, logistics (infrastructure), and operational management in the supply chain of fresh vegetables. At the level of farmers and collectors, each have four risks while at the merchant level, there are five important risks getting attention for follow up. Mitigation each of these factors lead to the reducing damage and it can be applied to maintain the quality of the vegetables and increase the selling price. Keywords: Fresh vegetables; RapAgRisk; Risk management; Risk mitigation; Supply chai

Effects of Ethylene Degreening on Peel Color, Physical Quality, and Chemical Content of Ambon Kuning (Musa acuminata Colla)

The natural ripening of ambon kuning, a typical banana widely consumed in Indonesia, tends to produce a non-uniform yellowish peel color of the fruits. Some degreening techniques using calcium carbide or ethepon, although improving the peel color appearance, may pose a safety risk compared to ethylene degreening, a technique using ethylene gas, a gas naturally produced by the fruit. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethylene degreening on changes in peel color, physical quality, and chemical content of ambon kuning and determine the combination of treatment that produces the best results. Taguchi design, with two levels for each of the three treatment factors (ethylene gas concentrations of 185.2 and 277.8 ppm, storage temperatures of 16±1 and 29±1 °C, and gas exposure time of 48 and 72 hours) was applied to banana samples stored in a hermetic bag in a temperature-controlled container. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was applied to get the best results considering multiple performance measures: peel color (measured as lightness L*-, green -a*-, and yellow b*-values), hardness of peel and pulp, total dissolved solids, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoids contents. The best results were obtained when degreening was carried out with a gas concentration of 185.2 ppm at a storage temperature of 16±1 °C for 48 hours

Plant Layout for Small Scale Food Industry

Small scale food industries are identical with labor intensive, low efficiency, and bad housekeeping. It needs specific improvement of performance related to their raw material characteristics as agricultural commodities. The study was conducted to improve the performance of small cracker industry through improved plant layout. It was done by considering the material flow, relationship between activities, food safety, equipment and workers' allowances, space utilization. Plant layout modification improves the small scale cracker industry in terms of material flow, the risk of contamination, space utilization, work safety, and energy for material handling. Keywords: Crackers, energy expenditure, material handling, plant layout, small scale industr

Planting Scheduling of Organic Water Spinach (IpomoeaereptansPoir) Vegetables with Dynamic Simulationin CV. Tani Organik Merapi

One of vegetable commodity that has a high level of demand in Indonesia is water spinach (Ipomoeae reptans poir). Water spinach commodities are very important in improving people's welfare and improving farmers' income if done through good cultivation and techniques. One of the farming techniques in Indonesia that has good prospects is by organic cultivation. Organic water spinach producer in Yogyakarta is CV. Merapi Organic Farm. TOM must be able to maintain the availability of its products in order to be able to meet the demands of its customers. Therefore, this study is forecasting to find out how consumers demand organic water spinach and how to plan scheduling of organic water spinach. Forecasting is done by obtaining the most optimal ARIMA method for predicting organic kale is ARIMA (0,1,1). Based on the forecasting, it can be seen that the total demand for organic water spinach is 1128 kg. Planning for planting organic water spinach is done with a dynamic simulation, results for total amount of organic water spinach is 27297.6 plants and total land area is 225.6 m2

Synergy of Lean and Green for Improving Small-Scale Agroindustry Performance

Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the economy of Indonesia. It contributed to the 21.20% of national total economy. Global competition is a challenge and an opportunity for SMEs including agroindustry sector. Therefore, it is needed for strengthening their competitiveness. In the midst of this effort, the raising concern about environment issue has increased. This research aims to determine the alternatives or options in production aspect based on lean and green for small-scale crackers industry. Sustainable Value Stream Mapping (SVSM) was applied to describe the production condition and identify wastes from lean and green point of view. Furthermore, Value Stream Analysis Tools (VALSAT) and Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) were used to analyze waste throughout the production activity. The results show that the small-scale cracker industry has already implemented synergy of lean and green, however some alternatives for reducing lead time and waste are needed such as demand forecasting and improvement of working method

An Intelligent Incentive Model Based on Environmental Ergonomics for Food SMEs

In this study, an intelligent incentive model based on environmental ergonomics in food small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) was developed. Environmental ergonomics was defined as the impact of temperature and relative humidity within a certain range on a worker's heart rate during work. Optimum environmental ergonomics are highly required as a basic standard for food SMEs to provide fair incentives. Recommendable parameters from a genetic algorithm and fuzzy inference modeling were used to model customized incentives based on optimum heart rate, workplace temperature and relative humidity before and after working. The research hypothesis stated that industries should optimize their workload and workstation environment prior to customizing incentives. The research objectives were: 1) to recommend optimum environmental ergonomics parameters for customized incentives; 2) to determine the incentives at workstations of SMEs based on optimum environmental ergonomics parameters and fuzzy inference modeling. The optimum values for heart rate, workstation temperature and relative humidity used were based on recommendable values from the genetic algorithm. An inference model was developed to generate decisions whether a worker should receive an incentive based on a calculated index. The results indicated that 84.4% of workers should receive an incentive. The results of this research could be used to promote the concept of ergonomics-based customized incentives

Reduksi Pemborosan untuk Perbaikan Value Stream Produksi “Mi Lethek” Menggunakan Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing

"Mi Lethek" industry is an industry that produce dry noodles. In the production process of "Mi Lethek" industry, there were some waste that could inflict a financial loss for industry. Waste that occur in "Mi Lethek" industry were unnecessary = inventory and excessive transportation. To reduce that waste, lean manufacturing approach is required. Lean approach functionalized as a system for identified all of activities in "Mi Lethek" industry. That activities were classified into two kind activities, namely value added activity and non value added activity. The time of each activity used to calculate the process cycle efficiency (PCE). Based on the research, the existing score of PCE in "Mi Lethek" industry was 12,05%. The recommendations for increase PCE are relayouting the plant and change the order scheduling of raw materials. These recommendations could increase PCE score  to 15,68 %.ABSTRAKIndustri “Mi Lethek” merupakan industri yang menghasilkan produk berupa mi kering berbahan baku tepung tapioka. Pada proses pengolahan mi di industri “Mi Lethek”, terdapat berbagai pemborosan (waste) yang dapat merugikan industri. Diantara pemborosan yang terjadi berupa persediaan bahan baku yang belum diperlukan dan transportasi berlebih. Untuk mereduksi pemborosan tersebut diperlukan suatu perbaikan pada value stream  menggunakan pendekatan lean. Pendekatan lean difungsikan sebagai sebuah sistem yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi seluruh aktivitas yang ada pada industri “Mi Lethek”. Aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut kemudian digolongkan menjadi dua jenis aktivitas, yaitu aktivitas yang memberikan nilai tambah dan aktivitas yang tidak memberikan nilai tambah. Waktu dari masing-masing aktivitas tersebut yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk menghitung nilai process cycle effieciensy (PCE). PCE adalah efisiensi relatif dalam sebuah proses yang mer=wakili presentase waktu yang digunakan untuk menambah nilai pada produk dibandingkan total waktu yang digunakan produk selama dalam proses. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan nilai PCE awal dari industri "Mie Lethek" sebesar 12,05%. Perbaikan yang dilakukan ialah dengan mengubah tata letak pabrik dan melakukan perbaikan penjadwalan pemesanan bahan baku. Hasil perbaikan tersebut berhasil meningkatkan nilai PCE menjadi 15,08%

Reduksi Pemborosan untuk Perbaikan Value Stream Produksi “Mi Lethek” Menggunakan Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing

Industri “Mi Lethek” merupakan industri yang menghasilkan produk berupa mi kering berbahan baku tepung tapioka. Pada proses pengolahan mi di industri “Mi Lethek”, terdapat berbagai pemborosan (waste) yang dapat merugikan industri. Diantara pemborosan yang terjadi berupa persediaan bahan baku yang belum diperlukan dan transportasi berlebih. Untuk mereduksi pemborosan tersebut diperlukan suatu perbaikan pada value stream menggunakan pendekatan lean. Pendekatan lean difungsikan sebagai sebuah sistem yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi seluruh aktivitas yang ada pada industri “Mi Lethek”. Aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut kemudian digolongkan menjadi dua jenis aktivitas, yaitu aktivitas yang memberikan nilai tambah dan aktivitas yang tidak memberikan nilai tambah. Waktu dari masing-masing aktivitas tersebut yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk menghitung nilai process cycle effieciensy (PCE). PCE adalah efisiensi relatif dalam sebuah proses yang mer=wakili presentase waktu yang digunakan untuk menambah nilai pada produk dibandingkan total waktu yang digunakan produk selama dalam proses. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan nilai PCE awal dari industri "Mie Lethek" sebesar 12,05%. Perbaikan yang dilakukan ialah dengan mengubah tata letak pabrik dan melakukan perbaikan penjadwalan pemesanan bahan baku. Hasil perbaikan tersebut berhasil meningkatkan nilai PCE menjadi 15,08%

Analysis of Consumers’ Preferences for Melon Using the Conjoint Method

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a fruit widely known by the people of Indonesia, including Yogyakarta Province, which has several variants such as C. melo var reticulatus, C. melo var. inodorus, and C. melo var. catalupensis. These variants have different characteristics that can be distinguished by color, aroma, peel texture, as well as their respective markets. To find out consumers’ preferences for melon, the conjoint analysis method is used. The results showed that consumers in traditional retail preferred melons with small size, orange flesh, strong aroma, very sweet taste, slightly meshy peel texture, and crunchy flesh texture. Meanwhile, in modern retail, they prefer variants with a large size, green flesh, strong aroma, very sweet taste, non-meshy peel texture, and crunchy flesh texture. Sky Rocket, Glamor, Golden Langkawi, and Mai 119 variants are suitable for traditional and modern retail. There are also other suitable variants for traditional retail, namely Cantaloupe and Roc Melon, while Honey Globe and Action 434 are suitable for modern retail

Analisis Mutu Produk dan Kemasan Lempuk Durian (Durio zibethinus Sp)

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan mutu produk dan kemasan yang terbaik dengan merancang atau membuat konsep kemasan yang sesuai dengan keinginan dan kebutuhan konsumen berdasarkan analisa mutu produk terhadap kemasan yang digunakan. Metode pengembangan kemasan yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan pengembangan produk dan value engineering dengan pengembangan performansi berdasarkan keinginan konsumen dengan menggunakan metode FAST (Function Analysis System Technique). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lempuk durian pada kemasan karton biasa memiliki kadar air yang lebih tinggi dari pada Duplex 310 g dan Duplex 400 g sehingga mikroba lebih cepat tumbuh dan menurunkan mutu lempuk durian. Kapang dan khamir pada lempuk durian dengan kemasan karton biasa sudah tumbuh pada hari ke-10 yaitu 28 x 102 kol/g sedangkan lempuk durian dengan kemasan Duplex 310 g dan 400 g ditumbuhi kapang dan khamir pada hari ke-16 yaitu 22 x 102 kol/g. hasil identifikasi kebutuhan konsumen, tahap pengujian dan pemilihan alternatif-alternatif konsep pengembangan kemasan tahap analisa maka konsep akhir dari produk lempuk durian dapat ditentukan dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut : 1). Kemasan primer adalah jenis bahan kertas perkamen dengan teknik pembungkusan tertutup, 2). Kemasan sekunder : untuk lempuk durian kemasan 250 g adalah kertas Duplex 400 g, bentuk kemasan kotak segi empat, ukuran kemasan 11 x 8 x 5 cm, tidak menggunakan segel, tidak menggunakan bagian transparan, ukuran lempuk durian 5,5 x 2 x 2 cm dan jumlah lempuk durian per kemasan yaitu 10 biji, sedangkan untuk lempuk durian kemasan 1 kg adalah kertas Duplex 350 g, bentuk kemasan kotak segi empat, ukuran kemasan 16 x 11 x 5 cm, tidak menggunakan segel, menggunakan bagian transparan, ukuran lempuk durian 8 x 5,5 x 2,5 cm dan jumlah lempuk durian per kemasan yaitu 8 biji, 3) Kemasan tersier yaitu jenis bahan kardus, bentuk kemasan kotak segi empat, dan ukuran kemasan adalah 32 x 25,5 x 19,5 cm. Kata kunci : Pengembangan Produk, Value Engineering, Desain Kemasan, Analisa Mutu. Lempuk Durian Abstract The study aimed at developing the best quality and package of the product through customized package to fulfill the need and the demand of consumers based on the analysis of product and packing quality. The data was collected by a survey method of the consumers with interview and questionnaire. The package was developed using the value engineering approach and function analysis system technique (FAST) in improving its performance based on consumers’ demand. The results of the study showed that the lempuk durian packed in regular cardboard had higher water content than in Duplex 310 g and in Duplex 400 g packages that microbes could easily grow that causes the decrease the quality of the product. Mold and mildew were found growing in the lempuk durian packed in regular cardboard in the tenth day, which was 28 x 102 col/g, while they were found growing in the product packed in the Duplex 310 g and 400 g packages in the sixteenth day, which was 22 x 102 kol/g. Based on the identification of consumers needs, the results of the test and the selection of the alternative concepts of package development, the specification of the final concept of the product was as follows: 1) Primary package was made of parchment paper with closed packing technique; 2) Secondary package for the product of the 250 g was made of Duplex 400 g paper, which was cubicles of 11 x 8 x 5 cm without any seal and transparent part, while the packages of 5.5 x 2 x 2 cm contained 10 pieces for each and the package of the product of 1 kg was packed in the packages made of Duplex 350 g, which was cubicle of 16 x 11 x 5 cm without any seal and with transparent part, the packages of 8 x 5.5 x 2.5 cm contained 8 pieces for each; 3) The tertiary package was made of cardboard box of 32 x 25.5 x 19.5 cm. Keywords: Lempuk Durian, Package Design, Product Development, Quality Analysis, Value Engineerin